Explanation of the different types of Electric Vehicles

The vehicle needs and wants of consumers vary and electric vehicles are designed to meet these preferences. Some desire small and lightweight for commuting while others need larger and more powerful for families or long-distance travel. Technologies were researched to meet the demands of different markets. There are electric vehicles that are specifically designed for urban areas while others are best for off-road terrain.

Types

The 4 types of electric vehicles are, battery (BEV), hybrid electric (HEV), plug-in electric (PEV) and fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV).

The battery engine vehicle (BEV) is much lighter than a gas engine vehicle with no tailpipe emissions. The automobiles battery pack is plugged into an outlet at a home charging station or at a public one. The motor converts electric energy from the battery pack into mechanical energy to turn the wheels.

Hybrids use gas and electric in three different ways. These gas engines are smaller and more efficient than the traditional gas engines.

In a parallel hybrid, both the combustion engine and the electric motor are connected to the drivetrain. It’s charged by regenerative braking. This means the car charges itself as you drive and brake. The car automatically decides when to use gas or electric depending on driving conditions.

In a series hybrid, the electric motor is the only source of power for the vehicle. The gas engine is not connected to the drivetrain. The gas engine is used only to charge the battery pack. Most series hybrids are charged by regenerative braking. Some have plug-in capability. These are often considered extended-range vehicles.

Plug-in hybrids (PHEV) are just what you think it is. You plug it in to charge it. When the electricity wears out, gas takes over. A PHEV car could also use bio-diesel.

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FCEV

Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) use hydrogen gas as fuel. This type of car uses a fuel cell to generate electricity to power. It does not have an internal combustion engine. A fuel cell converts chemical energy to electrical energy through a chemical reaction. The byproduct of this hydrogen oxygen reaction is water vapor making FCEV a zero-emission vehicle.

You will see more and more electric cars on the road as gas vehicles are phased out. New technologies will see improved charging times, range and performance. Tax credit and incentives help with the price of electric cars plus it is likely the price will come down with improvements in manufacturing, production volume and competition. Also, there is more interest in self-driving electric vehicles for personal and business use.

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